Our approach
Measure first. Train the smallest thing that works.
The pipeline
Six stages from idea to improving model
- 01
Scope
Pick one high-value task, define what a good result looks like, and measure the baseline the new model has to beat.
- 02
Data
Collect, clean, and label examples from your systems. PII is scrubbed before anything touches a GPU.
- 03
Train
Use the lightest method that meets the target: adapters first, full training only when the numbers show it's needed.
- 04
Evaluate
Candidates compete head to head. Only a measurable winner moves forward, and the release checklist is set out below.
- 05
Deploy
Serve the winning model in your environment, behind an API your applications already know how to call.
- 06
Improve
Monitor live traffic, collect the cases the model gets wrong, and feed them into the next training round.
Decision guide
Fine-tune, RAG, or build from scratch?
Six ways to customise a model, ordered from lightest to heaviest. Most teams need one of the first three.
Prompting + RAG
Use it when: Your knowledge changes often and the base model already reasons well about your domain.
The fastest way to start, but per-call cost and latency stay high and the output style is hard to pin down.
- Data needed
- Your documents. No labelled examples required.
- Typical timeline
- 1–3 weeks
LoRA / QLoRA
Use it when: You need consistent formats, tone, or task accuracy, and you have a few thousand good examples.
Cheap to train, and small adapters can be swapped on a shared base model. On hard tasks it tops out below full fine-tuning.
- Data needed
- 1k–20k instruction examples
- Typical timeline
- 2–4 weeks
Full fine-tuning
Use it when: Adapters have plateaued and the task is valuable enough to justify updating every weight.
The best task accuracy for a given model size, but it takes more GPU time and you host a full model.
- Data needed
- 20k+ high-quality examples
- Typical timeline
- 4–8 weeks
DPO / RLHF
Use it when: The model is capable, but its judgement (helpfulness, refusals, tone) doesn't match your experts'.
Changes how the model behaves, not what it knows. It depends on well-calibrated reviewers.
- Data needed
- Preference pairs or ranked outputs from trained reviewers
- Typical timeline
- 3–6 weeks
Continued pretraining
Use it when: Your domain's language, such as legal, clinical, or a regional language, is under-represented in public data.
Gives the model deep fluency in your domain. It needs a larger compute budget and instruction tuning afterwards.
- Data needed
- Hundreds of millions of domain tokens
- Typical timeline
- 6–10 weeks
Train from scratch
Use it when: You need a small model with a custom tokenizer, strict licensing, or tight on-device limits.
Full control over the architecture and licence. This is the largest investment.
- Data needed
- Billions of tokens, often partly synthetic
- Typical timeline
- 3–6 months
Release checklist
How we decide a model is ready
Every model we ship passes the same checks, and you get the evidence, not a summary.
- Test sets come from real traffic and are never used for training
- Automated graders are checked against human reviewers before we trust them
- The base model is scored on the same set as the tuned model
- Every candidate goes through a safety and red-team suite
- Latency and cost per 1K requests are reported next to accuracy
- Your domain owner signs off on the results before release
Find your starting method
A 30-minute conversation is usually enough to rule methods in or out.
We reply within one business day (IST).

